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Against the backdrop of global warming, the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau (QTP) is experiencing rising temperatures, altered precipitation regimes, and systematic structural adjustments of its ecosystems. These changes necessitate a climate classification system that can more accurately represent coupled hydrothermal characteristics and their ecological effects in high-elevation regions. Nevertheless,...
Atmospheric vapor pressure deficit (VPD), defined as the difference between the saturation vapor pressure and the actual vapor pressure at a given temperature, is a key indicator of atmospheric dryness and evaporative demand. With global warming, VPD has risen sharply since the late 1990s and has become an important environmental factor affecting tree growth, vegetation productivity and the ter...
The Qinghai–Tibet Plateau, often called the “Asian Water Tower”, feeds more than ten major rivers in Asia and provides precious water resources for nearly 40% of the global population. Against the backdrop of global warming, however, this “Roof of the World” with an average elevation exceeding 4,000 m is warming at a rate faster than the global mean. Accurately simulating clouds and precip...
Geostationary meteorological satellites, with their high temporal resolution and capability for continuous wide-area observations, are widely used for surface solar radiation monitoring. However, existing geostationary satellite radiation products still suffer from a long-overlooked issue: terrain undulations cause the satellite’s actual observation position to deviate from the nominal pixel l...
The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau features highly rugged terrain, where contrasts among mountains, river valleys, slope aspect and elevation give rise to complex and diverse local climates. Even within a given area with similar large-scale climatic conditions, temperature and moisture regimes can differ markedly from one topographic position to another. Traditional vegetation distribution models typica...
Africa and the Middle East, core regions of the global energy economy, also represent major sources of uncertainty in global carbon cycle research and climate modelling. Yet carbon dioxide emissions from oil and gas extraction and processing have long been underrepresented in official energy statistics and greenhouse gas inventories. Developing methods to independently, promptly, and accurately...
On July 16, China’s first integrated hydropower-wind-solar smart operation large model was officially released in the Yalong River basin in Sichuan, marking a new stage in the digital transformation of China’s ten-million-kilowatt-level clean energy base. The team of Academician Chen Deliang from the Department of Earth System Science (DESS), Tsinghua University, deeply integrated the macro v...
Fluvial flood is one of the most widespread and damaging natural hazards globally, claiming thousands of lives each year. Flood risk depends not only on the frequency and magnitude of flooding but also on factors such as riparian population exposure and flood protection capacity, giving rise to marked differences across regions and rivers of varying sizes. Yet existing research and flood manage...
