讲座简介

The well-known “factor endowment hypothesis (FEH)” implies that countries with higher scarcity in land and/or water intend to import more land-intensive and/or water-intensive goods. To more effectively test this important hypothesis, we first adopted recently available scarcity indices of land and water in the literature to distinguish scarce land and water from neutral or abundant land and water. We then incorporated land and water scarcity into multi-regional input-output analysis to quantify virtual land and water flows embodied in food trade among 140 countries/regions in 2011. The results show that while the major net exporters of virtual scarce-land are land-abundant countries, which supports the FEH, the major net exporters of virtual scarce-water were water-scarce countries, which does not support the FEH. This finding suggests that the current market forces reflect the scarcity of land resources, but does not reflect the water scarcity in the context of international trade. The reasons sustaining this distinction was discussed.

主讲人简介

孙来祥教授现任美国马里兰大学行为与社会科学学院地理经济学教授，兼任伦敦大学亚非学院金融管理系教授，奥地利维也纳国际应用系统论研究所（IIASA）资深研究员，中国科学院地理科学和资源研究所客座教授。于2010年2月当选为英国社会科学院院士。2005年6月获中国科学院授予的“海外杰出华人学者”荣誉称号。孙来祥教授已在国际著名学术刊物和其它学术载体发表研究论文140余篇，学术专著4部。孙来祥教授发表研究论文的国际著名学术刊物包括《自然-通讯》、《美国科学院院刊》、《水研究》、《环境科学与技术》、《应用能源》、《气侯变化》、《生态经济学》、《工业生态学刊》等。他先后在20余项国际合作研究项目中担任主持人、领衔科学家。