From November 9 to November 10, the 2nd China Forum on New Urbanization Theory, Policy and Practice was held at Tsinghua University. With the theme of "guiding new-style urbanization through new development concept", the forum interprets the strategic arrangements for the urbanization in China at the 19 th National Congress and discusses the latest research progress on key urbanization areas and key technologies. And organized in-depth exchanges on special topics such as "A New Framework for Supporting the Construction of Urban Agglomerations" and "Big Data Innovation Helping to Modernize Urban Governance". Professor Gong Peng, director of the Department of Earth System Science of Tsinghua University and vice president of China Institute of New Urbanization made a keynote speech entitled "Research on Residents' Health in the Rapid Urbanization of China" at the opening ceremony of the forum.
Professor Gong Peng's report recorded as follows:
Understanding of the Development of Urbanization in China
I am concerned about the development of China's urbanization for 30 years. I studied the expansion, remote sensing and monitoring of Chinese cities from the post-graduate level. During my 28 years of studying in the United States, I have been observing and studying the problems of urban development in China and are also learning about foreign theories. I come to a conclusion: China's urbanization can not be guided by the existing theory, and I am afraid it will not be very suitable to take any one country's theory of urbanization to cover the development of China's urbanization.
For the future development of China's urbanization, I also have four ideas:
1, must have a global outlook
Rather than discussing the history of foreign cities, it is important to know their present and future. Where do foreign cities go? How to develop? Their present and future shape the present and future of urban development in China. China is not isolated in the world. China's trade accounts for 20% of its production to other parts of the world and exchanges with other places. Therefore, a large city should consider in particular how to develop a large foreign city and how his talents and funds attract China.
2, need to have a systematic, all-round, multi-sector participation in planning
Without the public and multisectoral involvement, the plans drawn on the drawings must not last long or succeed. There are many people talking about the failure of China's urban planning, why there is such a problem? Part of the reason other than the subjective influence of individual people is that we did not do urban planning in a systematic, comprehensive, multidisciplinary and multisectoral manner.
3, China's urbanization must be future-oriented
If we can not properly look to the future and think about the future, urbanization will be difficult. Planning is future-oriented. China's urban development is linked with the world. Planning in any city can not only look at its own data, or it is hard to avoid the blindness of development and lead to the failure of urban planning.
4, urbanization can lead to rural, rural revitalization
China has a tradition. Those who used to be an official in the city will all go back to the countryside to report their return home. As gentry, they brought the prosperous culture and advanced civilization of the city to the countryside. Although today's rural areas are not yet large-scale and not so many people go to rural areas, the threshold should be set in rural areas so that more knowledgeable people can go to rural areas and lead the development of rural areas. This is my ideal.
Healthy China under Rapid Urbanization
1, China's health city is facing the challenge
China's urbanization is an unprecedented movement in human history. Compared with the initial stage of reform and opening up, China's urbanization rate has now tripled. It is estimated that by 2030, China's urbanization rate will reach 71% and urban area will be five times that of 1990.
We have made a comparison between the PM2.5 of 246 cities in the world and GDP per capita. Most of the cities in China are at the low end and periphery of the profile, indicating that many of us are cities with high pollution and low per capita income.
Relationship between PM2.5 and GDP Per Capita in 246 Cities in the World
After decades of development in China's cities, the scope of the profile has greatly increased, so the city is going to a higher position or to a lower position? In one of our studies, it is no surprise that a large number of affected populations and economic losses have occurred due to floods and floods resulting from the fact that most Chinese cities are built to lower elevations.
National Urban Average DEM Changes from 1990 to 2010
Local urban design also has a lot of room for improvement, such as pedestrian crossing, zebra crossing, there are still many irrational phenomena, which are not in the planning and design of health factors that have not taken into account the issue of dislocation.
A. The 19th National Congress put forward the concept of "healthy China." We must start with sound development of healthy cells, healthy communities and healthy cities to build a healthy China;
B. Citizens' health needs have multi-level and trans-regional characteristics and require more flexible and efficient urban health services.
C. Healthy cities need all aspects of improving urban governance and service capabilities;
D. Healthy cities need to optimize the living-working-leisure layout and need cross-sectoral cooperation. That is, city planning management, design and construction, and environmental protection should be closely coordinated with each other and require vigorous participation from the bottom up.
E. The number and quality of services of basic medical institutions and GPs in health cities need to be improved;
F. Healthy Cities Need to improve citizens' quality of life and moral standards and the city's high-quality culture. They need a unified value education from families, communities and schools.
Urban health is not a matter for the health sector. Only when the entire people are collectively involved can the overall healthy development of the city be realized. At the same time, it also requires all sectors of the environment, planning, economy and culture to participate in all aspects. Supporting healthy urban construction requires comprehensive data and systems science thinking.
3, on China's urbanization awareness
The Department of Earth System Science at Tsinghua University is developing a Model of Earth systems that incorporates all aspects of the Earth into a model. Tsinghua pioneered the dynamic assessment and management system for prevention and control of atmospheric pollution. Taking the air pollution as a disease, there is a set of software from diagnosis, prescription, medication treatment to curative effect evaluation and has been used to support the linkage air pollution control of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei. At the same time, we have also established a shared and integrated foundation platform for the study of sustainable development in the world as a support.
Atmospheric pollution prevention and control dynamic assessment and management platform
Tsinghua University's Healthy Cities Research Program launched a network of public health monitoring and research in the context of rapid urbanization. We set up a platform to collect information from all sectors of society to better warn the disease and warn urban residents how to avoid and prevent specific diseases. We are also planning a big data analytics platform for the Health City Research Center. With the support of the Tang Chung Ying Foundation, the environment, including Earth observation and other environmental data, is brought together and the travel track, medical records and health data are integrated into a single platform to achieve real-time transmission, display, early warning and cloud platform management.
Public Health Surveillance and Research Network under the Background of Rapid Urbanization
From now on, China Institute of New Urbanization will work with Delos to establish the Healthy City Research Center to conduct a full range of research from healthy buildings, healthy campuses, healthy communities, healthy cities, healthy China to the entire planet. Efforts should be made to promote the full integration of elements of health in urban and rural planning and design in China, enhance the role of health impact assessment, and do a good job in assessing the healthy urban construction in communities and urban development
Picture News
Hot News
